Lifelines of National Economy — Questions & Answers

Sample questions from Lifelines of National Economy

1. Q1. What physical feature and natural advantage characterizes Kochi port on the south-western coast of India?

   • A.It is an inland riverine port situated 120 km upstream along the Periyar river.
   • B.It is a completely landlocked port protected by offshore coral reefs.
   • C.It is an artificial deep-water port excavated directly to coastal basalt rock.
   • D.It is located at the entrance of a lagoon with a natural harbour.✓
   Solution

   D is correct because the NCERT textbook explicitly specifies: 'Kochchi is the extreme south-western port, located at the entrance of a lagoon with a natural harbour.' Mistake A confuses Kochi with Kolkata's inland riverine setting on the Hooghly. Mistake C confuses Kochi with Chennai, which is an artificial port. Mistake B confuses Kochi with Vishakhapatnam, which is landlocked.

2. Q2. Which mode of transportation reduces trans-shipment losses and delays? (a) Railways (b) Roadways (c) Pipeline (d) Waterways

   • A.Railways
   • B.Roadways
   • C.Pipeline✓
   • D.Waterways
   Solution

   Pipelines have a high initial laying cost but minimal subsequent running costs, and since goods flow continuously through them without being transferred between vehicles, they rule out trans-shipment losses or delays — option (c).

3. Q3. Which one of the following is the most important mode of transportation in India? (a) Pipeline (b) Railways (c) Roadways (d) Airways

   • A.Pipeline
   • B.Railways✓
   • C.Roadways
   • D.Airways
   Solution

   Railways have become more important in India's national economy than all other means of transport put together, serving as the principal mode of transportation for both freight and passengers and acting as a great integrating force for over 150 years — option (b).

4. Q4. Pipelines in India are used mainly for transporting:

   • A.Coal and iron ore
   • B.Crude oil, petroleum products and natural gas✓
   • C.Passengers
   • D.Food grains
   Solution

   Pipelines are used for transporting crude oil, petroleum products and natural gas from oil and natural gas fields to refineries, fertiliser factories and big thermal power plants.

5. Q5. Which public sector undertaking provides helicopter services to the Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) for its offshore operations and to inaccessible areas in the North-East and Jammu & Kashmir?

   • A.Pawan Hans Helicopters Ltd.✓
   • B.Indian Airlines
   • C.Alliance Air
   • D.Air India
   Solution

   A is correct because the NCERT textbook explicitly specifies: 'Pawan Hans Helicopters Ltd. provides helicopter services to Oil and Natural Gas Corporation in its off-shore operations, to inaccessible areas and difficult terrains like the north-eastern states and the interior parts of Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand.' Mistake D provides international and domestic passenger air transport. Mistake B was merged with Air India. Mistake C is a regional scheduled airline subsidiary.

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